When our mood and related functions get affected severely that condition is called a mood disorder. It can also be called an Effective Disorder. It is a broad terminology to define all the various types of depressive and bipolar disorders. The affected person can experience from very low or depressed mood to an extremely high or irritating or as we call it a manic mood.

Types of Mood Disorders

Mood disorders can be segregated into two groups:-

1. Bipolar Disorder and Related Disorders

2. Depressive Disorders

Generally, the main types of mood disorders are:

Major depressive disorder:
The major depressive disorder involves a period of utmost sadness as well as hopelessness, or emptiness with various physical, cognitive and emotional symptoms

Bipolar I disorder:
or as we call it manic depression, Mania is characterized by joyful and/or irritable moods as well as increased energy or activities. During these manic episodes, bipolar I people also regularly engage in activities that can result in measurable consequences for themselves as well as for others.

Bipolar II disorder:
One person with at least one episode of present or past hypomania or a less severe variation of mania can be segregated into Bipolar II disorder. The standard norms for episodes of mania, hypomania, as well as major depression, remain the same.

Cyclothymic disorder:
Diagnosis needs a minimum two-year history of many episodes of not quite hypomania as well as not-quite major depression.

Other:
In this category we can add mood disorders due to substance or medication and medically created mood disorders, also other specified and unspecified mood disorders are there, in this category that don’t accurately meet the criteria for the other mood disorders

New Mood Disorders

Three new depressive disorders are in this category

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder:
children up to eighteen years of age who shows persistent irritability and anger with frequent episodes of extreme temper outbursts without any significant reason or provocation.

Persistent depressive disorder:
The chronic major depressive disorder that has been bothering for two or more years & what was previously known as a dysthymic disorder or dysthymia (a lower grade form of depression) are included in this category.

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder:
Diagnosis of the premenstrual dysphoric disorder is based on the presence of one or more specific symptoms in the week before the beginning of menstruation, followed by the resolution of these symptoms after onset. The symptoms include mood swings, irritability or anger, depressed mood or hopelessness, and anxiety or tension, as well as one or more of an additional seven symptoms, for a total of at least five symptoms.

Treatment of Mood Disorders:-

Helping people with a mood disorder is what we need to treat them successfully, millions of patients with a mood disorder is leading happy life. Treatments for mood disorders can be done through psychotherapy or as we call it a talk therapy.

The psychiatrist can also prescribe medication that helps treat chemical imbalances that occur in the brain chemistry. Book your appointment with the best psychiatrist in Kolkata to lead a happy life or help others with mood disorders to lead a happy life so that they can lead a fantastic social life.